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What is the minimum separation between a light or medium aircraft and a heavy aircraft, when the heavier aircraft is making a low or missed approach and the lighter aircraft is utilising an opposite-direction runway for take-off?

  • A

    1 minute.

  • B

    No separation is required.

  • C

    5 minutes.

  • D

    3 minutes.

Learning Objective 010.07.02.08.02: State the wake-turbulence separation minima.

Important note: The recent regulation update has increased the separation from 2 minutes to 3. However, due to limited feedback, we have not yet confirmed whether all authorities have implemented this change. Based on the latest reports, the option "2" was no longer available. We encourage you to continue sharing your exam experiences so we can verify this question.

According to ICAO Doc 4444, when using wake turbulence categories for a heavier aircraft making a low or missed approach and when the lighter aircraft is:

  • using an opposite-direction runway for take-off; or
  • landing on the same runway in the opposite direction, or on a parallel opposite-direction runway separated by less than 760 m (2 500 ft);

The following minimum separations shall be used:

  • between a HEAVY aircraft and a SUPER aircraft - 3 minutes
  • between a LIGHT or MEDIUM aircraft and a SUPER aircraft - 4 minutes
  • between a LIGHT or MEDIUM aircraft and a HEAVY aircraft - 3 minutes
  • between a LIGHT aircraft and a MEDIUM aircraft - 3 minutes

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