Which weather phenomena should be reported to ATC?
ICAO Doc 4444
4.12.3 Contents of special air-reports
4.12.3.1 Special air-reports shall be made by all aircraft whenever the following conditions are encountered or observed:
a) moderate or severe turbulence; or
b) moderate or severe icing; or
c) severe mountain wave; or
d) thunderstorms, without hail that are obscured, embedded, widespread or in squall lines; or
e) thunderstorms, with hail that are obscured, embedded, widespread or in squall lines; or
f) heavy duststorm or heavy sandstorm; or
g) volcanic ash cloud; or
h) pre-eruption volcanic activity or a volcanic eruption.
Note.— Pre-eruption volcanic activity in this context means unusual and/or increasing volcanic activity which could presage a volcanic eruption. In addition, in the case of transonic and supersonic flight:
i) moderate turbulence; or
j) hail; or
k) cumulonimbus clouds.
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