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On a Direct Mercator chart, apart from meridians and the Equator, a great circle will be represented by a..
  • A
    curve concave to the Equator.
  • B
    curve convex to the Equator.
  • C
    curves concave to the closest pole.
  • D
    straight line.
PROPERTIES OF A MERCATOR CHART
Scale Correct on the Equator.
Elsewhere increases as the secant of the latitude. Within 1% up to 8° from the Equator.
Orthomorphic Yes. All charts used for navigation must be.
Graticule Meridians are straight parallel lines, evenly spaced.
Parallels are straight parallel lines with the space between them increasing with the secant of the latitude.
Shapes Reasonably correct over small areas.
Distortion over large areas, especially at high latitudes.
Chart Convergence Zero everywhere. Correct at the Equator.
Constant across the chart.
Rhumb lines Straight lines Always! Everywhere!
Great circles Equator and meridians are straight lines (because they are also rhumb lines). All other great circles - curves, with a track nearer the Pole (or concave to the Equator).

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