Refer to figure.
EASA LO 061.03.01.01.01: Describe the geometric properties of a great circle (including the vertex) and a small circle.

The two points given in the question are irrelevant - we simply need to know the properties of Great Circles, Small circles (and rhumb lines).

In the context of General Navigation and the Earth, a Great Circle is one which has a radius equal to the Earth's radius and therefore, a circumference equal to the circumference of the Earth. Between any two points on the surface of the Earth, only one Great Circle can be drawn. This is similar to how, on a flat plane (like a piece of paper), only one straight line can be drawn between any two points.

A Small Circle is a circle drawn on the surface of the Earth which has a radius smaller than the Earth's radius and therefore, has a circumference smaller than a Great Circle (hence the name "small circle"). Because the circle can have any radius, an infinite number of small circles can be drawn between two points on the surface of the Earth. This is similar to how, on a flat plane, an infinite number of curved lines can be drawn between two points.

In summary:

• Only one Great Circle can be drawn between two points, and the radius is equal to the Earth's
• An infinite number of Small Circles can be drawn between the two points, with their radii smaller than the Earth's

Note: In this specific question where the points are both at the same latitude, the rhumb line will follow exactly the parallel of latitude - and will be a small circle. So it's radius would be smaller than the Earth's, not larger or equal.

In the figure, the Vertices are approximate - they would be very slightly more than 43°N and S.