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What can cause spatial disorientation?
  • A
    False perception of orientation of the aircraft with respect to spatial references.
  • B
    Damage to the receptor cells in the eyes.
  • C
    Reference to well-defined external visual references, such as the horizon.
  • D
    Flying in clear daylight conditions.

DISORIENTATION

You sense your body’s position in relation to your environment using input from three primary sources: vision, vestibular system located in your inner ear, and your proprioceptors sense. During flight, you can experience disorientation if your brain receives conflicting messages from your senses. Proprioceptors sense is the term used to describe an awareness of position obtained from the nerves in your skin, joints, and muscles. This sense is unreliable, however, because the brain cannot tell the difference between input caused by gravity and that of manoeuvring G-loads.
  • In good weather and daylight, you obtain your orientation primarily through your vision. In IFR conditions or at night, there are fewer visual cues, and your body relies upon the vestibular and proprioceptors to supplement your vision. Because these senses can provide false cues about your orientation, the probability of disorientation occurring in IFR weather is quite high. You are more subject to disorientation if you use body signals to interpret flight attitude. To alleviate symptoms of disorientation, you must properly interpret and rely on the indications of the flight instruments.   

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