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Which of the following describes internal respiration?
  • A
    The exchange of gases O2 and CO2 between the air and capillary arteries of the lung.
  • B
    The exchange of gases O2 and CO2 between the air and the alveoli.
  • C
    The exchange of gases O2 and CO2 inside the cells of the body.
  • D
    The exchange of gases O2 and CO2 in the bronchi.

Learning Objective 040.02.01.02.04: Describe the basic processes of external respiration and internal respiration.

RESPIRATION

Our body's cells need to create energy to power their normal processes. This energy comes from a process called respiration, and is split into two parts. The process of internal respiration is where our blood capillaries pass fresh oxygen (O2) to the cells that require it to create energy. It is also where the Carbon Dioxide (CO2) transfers from our cells to the blood capillaries, as it is a waste product of the energy creation process. The blood is used to transfer the oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the bodies, between the lungs and the cells and back again.

External respiration is the name of a process by the lungs, where fresh oxygen diffuses into the capillaries of the bloodstream from the alveoli in the lungs. The opposite process also occurs in the same place, where carbon dioxide diffuses from the bloodstream to the air in the lungs. Alveoli are small sponge like sacks that allow a large transfer of fresh oxygen (O2) and waste carbon dioxide (CO2), they have extremely high surface areas for maximum exchange of useful and waste gases.

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