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A
The centre of gravity may well move outside limits as fuel and oil are consumed, but since the aircraft will be lighter than at take-off, the movement will not be critical.
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B
The centre of gravity must be calculated for landing.
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C
It follows that the centre of gravity will remain within limits as oil and fuel are used up during flight.
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D
As fuel tanks are always situated on the centre of gravity, the centre of gravity will not change during flight.
1. According to CAT.POL.MAB.100 - Mass and balance, loading:
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During any phase of operation, the loading, mass and centre of gravity (CG) of the aircraft shall comply with the limitations specified in the AFM, or the operations manual if more restrictive.
2. According to AMC1 CAT.POL.MAB.100(a) Mass and balance, loading:
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CENTRE OF GRAVITY LIMITS — OPERATIONAL CG ENVELOPE AND IN-FLIGHT CG:
In the Certificate Limitations section of the AFM, forward and aft CG limits are specified. These limits ensure that the certification stability and control criteria are met throughout the whole flight and allow the proper trim setting for take-off.
The operator should ensure that these limits are respected by defining and applying operational procedures in order to:
(1) ensure an even distribution of passengers in the cabin;
(2) take into account any significant CG travel during flight caused by passenger/crew movement; and
(3) take into account any significant CG travel during flight caused by fuel consumption/transfer.
Therefore, no matter if the CG is within limits for take-off, it must calculated for landing as well, taking into account the landing mass and the landing moments, which differ from the take-off mass and moments, due to the in-flight loaded mass change and as a consequence the in-flight CG displacement.
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