Which of the following PBN approaches is a non-precision, 2D instrument approach procedure?
EASA LO 062.07.05.05.02: State that an RNP APCH to LNAV minima is a non-precision IAP designed for two-dimensional approach operations.
Refer to figure.
PBN approaches are those that apply the RNP navigation specification. The ICAO classifies approaches as precision and non-precision, and has more recently begun classifying approaches as 2D and 3D. 2D approaches provide lateral guidance, where 3D approaches provide both lateral and vertical guidance.
Some 3D approaches are not classified as precision approaches, such as RNP approaches to LPV or LNAV / VNAV minima.
This question asks for an approach which is both non-precision and 2D. Let's review the approaches listed:
RNP GLS → INCORRECT - GLS uses ground based augmentation systems (GBAS) to provide corrections to an aircraft's on-board GNSS calculated position. It is tuned by the pilots using a discrete frequency, and provides guidance similar to an ILS. This approach is a 3D, precision approach.
RNP APCH to LNAV / VNAV minima → INCORRECT - an RNP approach to LNAV / VNAV minima uses satellite based augmentation systems (SBAS) or Baro-VNAV to provide vertical guidance. This is not classified as a precision approach, but is a 3D approach due to the vertical guidance.
RNP APCH to LNAV minima → CORRECT - This approach type does not provide any vertical guidance. As such, it is a 2D, non-precision approach.
RNP LPV → INCORRECT - This approach is non-precision but features vertical guidance, so is 3D. To fly this approach, SBAS is required alongside a Final Approach Segment (FAS) datablock in the aircraft's FMS.
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