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Which of the following is an initial stress symptom?
  • A
    Gastric and duodenal ulcers.
  • B
    Dilation of pupils.
  • C
    Pain in the chest.
  • D
    Shivering.
Changes in emotion might cause pupil dilation. The autonomic nervous system triggers various involuntary responses during emotions, such as fear or arousal. Some research suggests that pupil dilation is one of these involuntary responses to arousal or attraction.
  • Stimulation of the autonomic nervous system's sympathetic branch, known for triggering "fight or flight" responses when the body is under stress, induces pupil dilation. Whereas stimulation of the parasympathetic system, known for "rest and digest" functions, causes constriction.

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