According to OPS regulations, an operator must select a take-off alternate…
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A
if it would not be possible to return to the aerodrome of departure for meteorological or performance reasons.
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B
when conducting a flight over water of more than 2 hours or 400 NM, whichever is the lesser.
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C
when the flight duration exceeds 6 hours.
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D
for an IFR flight with a single-engine aeroplane.
ICAO Annex 6
Chapter 1. Definitions
Alternate aerodrome. An aerodrome to which an aircraft may proceed when it becomes either impossible or inadvisable to proceed to or to land at the aerodrome of intended landing where the necessary services and facilities are available, where aircraft performance requirements can be met and which is operational at the expected time of use. Alternate aerodromes include the following:
Take-off alternate. An alternate aerodrome at which an aircraft would be able to land should this become necessary shortly after take-off and it is not possible to use the aerodrome of departure.
En-route alternate. An alternate aerodrome at which an aircraft would be able to land in the event that a diversion becomes necessary while en route.
Destination alternate. An alternate aerodrome at which an aircraft would be able to land should it become either impossible or inadvisable to land at the aerodrome of intended landing.
Note.- The aerodrome from which a flight departs may also be an en-route or a destination alternate aerodrome for that flight.
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