Freedoms of the air:

• 1st freedom: right to overfly another State without landing.
• 2nd freedom: right to land for a technical stop in another State.
• 3rd freedom: right to carry passengers from the State in which the aircraft is registered to an other State.
• 4th freedom: right to carry passengers from an other State to the State in which the aircraft is registered.
• 5th freedom: right to carry passengers from one State to another, while en-route to or from the State in which the aircraft is registered.

ICAO Doc 9626
Freedoms of the Air

• Two Technical Freedoms of the Air:

First Freedom of the Air (peaceful transit) - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State or States to fly across its territory without landing (also known as a First Freedom Right).

Second Freedom of the Air (non-traffic / technical stop - to refuel, repair, or refuge) - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State or States to land in its territory for non-traffic purposes (also known as a Second Freedom Right).

• Three Commercial Freedoms of the Air

Third Freedom of The Air - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State to put down, in the territory of the first State, traffic coming from the home State of the carrier (also known as a Third Freedom Right).

Fourth Freedom of The Air - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State to take on, in the territory of the first State, traffic destined for the home State of the carrier (also known as a Fourth Freedom Right).

Fifth Freedom of The Air - the right or privilege, in respect of scheduled international air services, granted by one State to another State to put down and to take on, in the territory of the first State, traffic coming from or destined to a third State (also known as a Fifth Freedom Right).