Refer to figure.
The light first passes through the Cornea, which is the outer clear part of the eyeball, responsible for 70% of the refracting (bending) of light.

Next it passes through the pupil/iris. The pupil is the "black dot" in the middle of the coloured iris. The pupil/iris will expand or contract to control the amount of light entering the eye to avoid damaging the sensitive structures in the eye with high light levels, but allow sufficient light through for vision.

It then passes through the lens which is responsible for the remaining 30% of the refraction of light and the final focussing. The lens will elongate or relax (flatten or fatten) depending on the distance away from the object and the corresponding amount of bending of light rays required; a closer object requires a round (fatter) lens for more bending, whereas a distant object requires a flat lens as less bending is required.

Finally the light is focussed on the retina. This is the light sensitive part of the eye that converts the sensed light to electrical impulses, which then travel to the visual cortex in the brain for processing via the optic nerve.