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CS-23 defines a certain speed that must be reached on take-off. What speed is needed to correctly complete the following statement for item 2? For normal utility single-engined aeroplanes, the speed at 15 m (50 ft) above the take-off surface level must not be less than the higher of:

1. a speed that is safe under all reasonably expected conditions, including turbulence and complete engine failure, or
2. …

  • A
    1.10 VMC.
  • B
    1.05 VMC.
  • C
    1.20 VS1.
  • D
    1.10 VS1.

Refer to figure.
CS-23
Annex to ED Decision 2012/012/R Amendment 3
CS 23.51 Take-off speeds
(b) For normal utility and aerobatic category aeroplanes, the speed at 15 m (50 ft) above the take-off surface level must not be less than –

(2) For single-engined aeroplanes, the higher of

(i) A speed that is shown to be safe under all reasonably expected conditions, including turbulence and complete engine failure; or
(ii) 1·20 VS1.

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