When operating under an RNP (Required Navigation Performance) PBN specification, the navigation system must consistently calculate or estimate the Actual Navigation Performance (ANP), also known as the Total System Error (TSE). The ANP is the combined measurement of three key components:

• Path Definition Error (PDE) - How closely the path programmed into the Flight Management System (FMS) aligns with the intended path.
• Flight Technical Error (FTE) - How accurately the aircraft follows the path defined in the FMS.
• Navigation System Error (NSE) - The accuracy of the navigation system (comparing the estimated position to the true position).

During specific phases of flight, such as Oceanic, Terminal, or Approach, the aircraft's ANP must remain below a specified value, which is the RNP (Required Navigation Performance). When the ANP is less than the RNP, it signifies that the aircraft's navigational accuracy meets or exceeds the required standards for that phase of flight, ensuring a high level of confidence in the aircraft's position. The ANP is calculated to ensure that this level of navigational performance is achieved at least 95% of the time.

However, in situations where the ANP exceeds the RNP (indicating reduced navigational accuracy), the aircraft falls short of the necessary positional certainty for that specific procedure or airspace. This may have negative effects like stopping the crew from executing an RNP approach, or even from using some types of airspace.

In this question, we are in the bad scenario where our ANP is greater than our RNP, so we do not meet the requirements for that procedure/airspace, we are out of limits.