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An aircraft is on HDG 030 and on a QDM 320 to an NDB. Turning left towards the NDB, the pilot notices the ADF needle moving rapidly to the left. Why?
  • A
    Coastal refraction.
  • B
    Quadrantal error.
  • C
    Multipath effect.
  • D
    Dip.

LOs reference 062.02.02.05.03: Explain that the bank angle of the aircraft causes a dip error.

Dip error is an inaccurate reading of the bearing information when the aircraft is in a bank. This is because the ADF receiver system was designed to work when in horizontal flight. When a turn is initiated, the indicated bearing is modified. The needle will cause an error towards the direction of whichever wing is banked down.

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