Solar radiation is the primary source of all weather processes. When it interacts with the atmosphere and the earth…
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A
one part is absorbed by the atmosphere, almost all of the incoming radiation reaches the surface of the earth, where it is completely absorbed, leading to maximum temperatures at the ground.
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B
the major part remains in the stratosphere, where the ozone layer is an effective absorber of solar radiation, temperatures in the ozone layer are therefore similar to surface temperatures.
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C
the major part is absorbed by atmospheric gases and clouds, the temperature rise in the affected layers leads to long wave terrestrial radiation.
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D
one part is absorbed in the ozone layer, another part is reflected by clouds and the surface of the earth, the major part is absorbed by the surface of the earth.
Refer to figure.
The sun is the main source of heat for the troposphere.
Solar Radiation = Radiation from the sun is of short wavelength and passes through the troposphere to the earth almost without heating it at all.
The ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of earths stratosphere that absorbs most of the sun’s ultraviolet radiation.
It contains high concentration of ozone (O3) in relation to other parts of the atmosphere.
The ozone layer is mainly found in the lower portion of the stratosphere, from approximately 15 to 35 kilometres (9.3 to 21.7 mi) above Earth, although its thickness varies seasonally and geographically.
Some solar radiation is reflected back to the upper air from cloud tops and surfaces on the earth.
The rest of this radiation is absorbed by the surface of the earth and heats it.
The process whereby the surface is heated by solar radiation is called insolation.
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