The air traffic service responsible for the safe conduct of flights is Air Traffic Control (ATC). ATC is a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct and monitor aircraft on the ground and in the air to ensure safe separation between them, prevent collisions, and provide guidance and assistance to pilots. ATC services include providing clearances, instructions, and advisories to pilots, managing airspace, and coordinating traffic flow within controlled airspace. ATC plays a critical role in maintaining the safety, efficiency, and orderliness of the airspace system.