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Given the following information, how much start & taxi fuel (100LL, AVGAS) must be used before take-off to reduce the mass to the maximum take-off mass (MTOM)?

Maximum Ramp Mass (MRM): 1150 kg
Actual Ramp Mass: 1145 kg
Maximum Take-Off Mass (MTOM): 1140 kg

  • A

    5 L

  • B

    7 L

  • C

    14 L

  • D

    10 L

MAXIMUM RAMP MASS (MRM) LIMIT
The Maximum Ramp Mass (MRM) of the aircraft is 1150 kg.

The actual ramp mass is 1145 kg, which is less than the Maximum Ramp Mass, so the Ramp Mass of the aircraft is within limits.

MAXIMUM TAKE-OFF MASS (MTOM) LIMIT
The Maximum Take-off Mass (MTOM) of the aircraft is 1140 kg. The Ramp Mass of the aircraft is 1145 kg. This means that the aircraft should burn:

  • 1145 kg - 1140 kg = 5 kg of fuel from the ramp until the take-off run (during taxi).

This fuel needs to be converted into liters (l) using the specific gravity of 0.72 kg/l.

  • 5 kg / 0.72 kg/l = 6.94 l

Therefore, the closest answer is '7 L'.


A relationship exists between liters and kilograms: one litre of water weighs one kilogram.
A similar relationship exists between pounds and imperial gallons: one IG of water weighs ten pounds.

Specific Gravity (SG) is a measurement of the relative density: Mass of a given volume of fluid / Mass of an equal volume of water.

To convert fuel volumes we need to know that fuel is lighter than water. The volume of fuel in this question weighs 72% of the equivalent volume of water. That means that one Litre of fuel weighs 0.72 kg.

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