When should a pilot start descending towards an aerodrome when within a TMA?
Refer to figures.
A Terminal control area (TMA) is a control area normally established at the confluence of ATS routes in the vicinity of one or more major aerodromes.
- TMA → Class C (figure 1)
According to AIP South Africa, for airspace class C an ATC clearance is required (figure 2). Therefore, an ATC clearance is required to descent into a TMA.
Let's examine the given options:
After passing the 'top of descent' point on your flight plan. → INCORRECT. The flight plan does not specify the ‘top of descent’.
Once the destination aerodrome is in sight. → INCORRECT. A TMA is a controlled airspace within which an ATC clearance is required to descent.
After clearance has been requested and obtained. → CORRECT. A TMA is a controlled airspace within which an ATC clearance is required to descent.
After you have told ATC your intentions. → INCORRECT. A TMA is a controlled airspace. The ATC should approve your intentions before descending.
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